Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, establishing rules on artificial intelligence (hereinafter referred to as the “Regulation” or “AI Act”), represents a milestone in the regulation of emerging technologies. It ensures that Artificial Intelligence (hereinafter, “AI”) is developed and used in a safe and ethical manner within the European Union, while simultaneously supporting technological innovation without imposing unnecessary restrictions.
Who does it apply to?
The AI Act applies to all organisations within the European Union, as well as foreign entities that intend to use, develop, or market AI products in the EU market.Only certain areas are excluded, such as military, defence, national security, scientific research, and purely personal activities, among others.
What is meant by Artificial Intelligence?
An AI system is defined as any machine-based system that operates autonomously and learns from its environment.Any company may assume one of the following two main roles in relation to an AI system:
- Developer/Provider of the system: the company or individual who develops and offers the AI system.
- Deployer: the entity that uses or implements an AI system within its organisation.
What obligations does the AI Act impose?
The AI Act classifies AI systems according to their risk level. Systems deemed high-risk must comply with stricter requirements to ensure safety and reliability, whereas low-risk systems are subject to more flexible obligations.It also introduces a list of prohibited practices which will be banned within the European Union six months after the Regulation enters into force.
Obligations vary depending on the company’s role regarding the AI system (provider or deployer), and include: notifying and registering AI systems, conducting conformity assessments, drafting and approving internal use policies, informing users about the AI system, ensuring product and , creating supervisory authorities and regulatory sandboxes, among others.